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Spathodea campanulata

P.Beauv. (1805)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Lamiales Family: Bignoniaceae Genus: Spathodea

African tulip tree, fountain tree

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Trees 7–12 m tall.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves compound (odd-pinnate). Opposite or whorled (3 per node). Blades with 3–19 leaflets, these elliptic, 7–13 cm long, 4–7 cm wide. Lower surfaces rugose-tomentose. Leaflet margins entire to serrate. Petiolate. Pseudostipules foliaceous, ovate to cordate, ca. 3 cm long, ca. 2 cm wide. True stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in terminal racemes. Rufous tomentose on inflorescence branches. Flowers bisexual (perfect), usually large and showy. Calyx large, spathe-like, rugous–tomentose, narrowing to a recurved tip, 4.5–6 cm long. Corolla zygomorphic, slightly 2-lipped, reddish orange or crimson, rarely golden yellow, broadly campanulate and ventricose; 8.5–9(–12) cm long, 4.5–5 cm wide at the mouth. Stamens 4; filaments attached to corolla tube, alternate with the lobes; anthers usually dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with as many cells, sometimes 1-celled or 4-celled, placentation axile or in 1-celled ovary with 2 or 4 intruded parietal placentas; ovules numerous per cell, rarely 1, anatropous or hemitropous, often erect; style 1; stigma 2-lobed.

Fruit: Fruit a narrowly oblong–ellipsoid capsules; the valves keeled; narrowed at both ends; dehiscing at right angles to the septum; capsules 17–25 cm long; 3.5–7 cm in diameter. Seeds flat; winged; the wings broad and hyaline–menbranous; endosperm absent; rarely present and oily.

Ploidy: 2n = 26; 36; 38

Habitat: Naturalized in mesic to wet areas at low elevation.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Lana'i Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents

Water/Ocean
Wind

Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Fl. Oware 1: 47 (1805)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:388 (K, O, Mo, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:181 (KEY), 185 (DESCR); Oppenheimer 2007:21 (L)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Kamanele Park Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. Oahu BISH 1943-01-11
2 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, University of Hawaii Manoa Campus Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. Oahu BISH 1930-08-04
3 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Thompson Oahu BISH
4 Spathodea campanulata School Street Honolulu Preserved_Specimen (Not on sheet) Oahu BISH 1940-06-06
5 Spathodea campanulata PHOTO from Bishop Museum collection Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Oahu BISH
6 Spathodea campanulata Kauai County, US-HI, US HUMAN_OBSERVATION 1627511128 Oahu HAPI 12/13/2011
7 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu; Dole St; SW side of bridge near dorms Preserved_Specimen Hawley, B. 1 Oahu BISH 1994-10-10
8 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Jaeger's place Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6069 Oahu BISH
9 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Jaeger's place Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6069 Oahu BISH
10 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu; Dole St; SW side of bridge near dorms Preserved_Specimen Hawley, B. 1 Oahu BISH 1994-10-10
11 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 10813 Oahu BISH 1935-09-08
12 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Mrs. Jaeger's residence Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12550 Oahu BISH 1915-01-01
13 Spathodea campanulata Lahaina District, Alaeloa Several trees in abandoned pineapple field with Leucaena, Casuarina, Clusia, Urochloa, & Melinis Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 72403 Maui BISH 2024-07-02
14 Spathodea campanulata Wailua Game Reserve above Wailua Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Tree plot area. Fertilizer applied topically. Preserved_Specimen Howard, R.A. 20273 Kauai BISH 1985-10-20
15 Spathodea campanulata Vicinity Hulopoe Gulch Sparingly naturalized in Toona thicket with Psidium and Schinus. Preserved_Specimen Oppenheimer, H.L. 120642 Lanai BISH 2006-12-20
16 Spathodea campanulata East Maui, Hana District, Kalahu Point, PTBG Kahanu Garden, In secondary forest along SW boundary of garden on county road garden Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2497 Maui BISH 1987-10-20
17 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, University of Hawaii Manoa Campus Semi-dry ground. Preserved_Specimen Inafuku, R. Oahu BISH 1931-03-09
18 Spathodea campanulata East Maui, Hana District, Kalahu Point, PTBG Kahanu Garden. In secondary forest along SW boundary of garden on county road forest Preserved_Specimen Flynn, T.W. 2497 Maui BISH 1987-10-20
19 Spathodea campanulata Haleiwa near Weed Junction, Honolulu Altitide is 70 deg. Slope 30 deg. Soil is clay loam. Preserved_Specimen Afualo, D. 12 Oahu BISH 1975-02-16
20 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Manoa Slope 45 degrees. Distribution abundant. Preserved_Specimen Higuchi, G.T. 79 Oahu BISH 1971-05-08
21 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, Miller Hall In full sun. Preserved_Specimen Lau, J. 2096 Oahu BISH 1986-03-05
22 Spathodea campanulata Kalaupapa; Bishop Home grounds semi-maintained Preserved_Specimen Wysong, M.L. 774 Molokai BISH 2005-08-10
23 Spathodea campanulata East Maui, Hana District, Tr 16(35), Along ridge in central Kipahulu valley Forest. Wet Koa-'ohi'a forest with other native trees and a treefern, native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 9417 Maui BISH 1980-07-22
24 Spathodea campanulata Wailua Game Reserve above Wailua Vegetation on plots stripmined for bauxite ore in 1958-60. Tree plot area. Fertilizer applied topically. Preserved_Specimen Howard, R.A. 20273 Kauai BISH 1985-10-20
25 Spathodea campanulata Lihue Ornamental roadside tree. Preserved_Specimen Little Jr., E.L. 31176 Kauai BISH 1976-09-01
26 Spathodea campanulata Waialee, Koolau Range, lower woods Dry, eroded slope, only one plant. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 21580 Oahu BISH 1946-05-12
27 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Kamanele Park Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9877 Oahu BISH 1930-07-03
28 Spathodea campanulata East branch of East Makaleha Valley Naturalized in open forest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 20800 Oahu BISH 1950-07-30
29 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Jaeger's place Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6069 Oahu BISH
30 Spathodea campanulata East Maui, Hana District, S Fork of Waiohonu 50 ft. up stream from base camp Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 171 Maui BISH 1972-08-04
31 Spathodea campanulata Laie, along side of Morman Temple Preserved_Specimen Au, R. 26 Oahu BISH 1960-12-08
32 Spathodea campanulata Kawainui Marsh, along Quarry Road Preserved_Specimen Smith, L.B. 138 Oahu BISH 1976-05-24
33 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, in front of Sinclair Library Preserved_Specimen Herbst, D.R. 659 Oahu BISH 1967-10-17
34 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12558 Oahu BISH 1915-10-01
35 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 10158 Oahu BISH 1935-12-01
36 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 12558 Oahu BISH 1915-10-01
37 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu; Dole St; SW side of bridge near dorms Preserved_Specimen Hawley, B. 1 Oahu BISH 1994-10-10
38 Spathodea campanulata Honolulu, Jaeger's place Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6069 Oahu BISH
39 Spathodea campanulata UH campus Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. Oahu BISH 1962-04-30
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